CLASSIFICATION OF GERMANIC LANGUAGES
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Proto-Germanic
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West Germanic
Languages
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Standard
German
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Central
German
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East Central
German
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West
Central
German
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Luxembourgish
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Pennsylvanis
German
(Spoken by the
Amish and
other Groups
in Southeastern
Pennsylvania)
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Upper
Germanic
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Alemannic
German
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Swabian
German,
including
Stuttgart
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Low Alemannic
German
(including the
area of
Lake
Constance
and Basel
German)
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Alsatian
German
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High
Alemannic
German
(including
Zuerich German
and
Bernese German)
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Austro-Bavarian
German
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North Bavarian
(including
Nuremberg)
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Middle
Bavarian
(including Munich
and Vienna)
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South Bavarian
(including
Innsbruck,
Klagenfurt,
and
Bolzano, Italy)
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Hutterite German
(aka "Tirolean)
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Yiddish
(with a
significant influx
of vocabulary from
Hebrew and
other languages,
and traditionally
written in the
Hebrew
alphabet)
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Wymysorys
(with a
significant
influence from
Low Saxon,
Dutch,
Polish and
Scots.)
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Low
Franconian
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Standard
Dutch
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Old
Dutch
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Middle
Dutch
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Modern
Dutch
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Brabantic
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Zealandic
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West Flemish
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East
Flemish
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Hollandic
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Limburgish
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Zuid-Gelders
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Afrikaans
(with a
significant
influx of
vocabulary from
other
languages)
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Low German
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West Low
German
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Northern Low
Saxon
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East Frisian
Low Saxon
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Plattduetsch
(Mennonite Low
Saxon)
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Anglo-Frisian
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Old Frisian
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Frisian
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Stadsfries
Language
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West Frisian
Language
(Spoken in the
Netherlands)
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Clay Frisian
(Klaaifrysk)
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Wood Frisian
(Waeldfrysk)
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Noardhocks
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South Frisian
(Suedhoeks)
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Southwest
Frisian
(Suedwesthoeksk)
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Schiermonnikoogs
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Hindeloopers
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Aasters
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Westers
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East Frisian
Language
(spoken in
Germany)
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Saterland
Frisian
Language
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Several extinct
Frisian variants
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North Frisian
Language
(Spoken in
Germany)
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Mainland Frisian
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Mooring
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Goesharde Frisian
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Wiedingharde
Frisian
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Halligen
Frisian
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Karrharde
Frisian
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Island Frisian
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Soel'ring
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Fering
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Ooemrang
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Heligolandic
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Anglic
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Old English
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Middle English
(significant influx
of words from
Old French)
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Early Modern
English
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Modern
English
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British English
(English English,
including
Northern English,
Midlands English,
Southern English,
Welsh English,
Scottish English,
and others) and
Irish English
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North American
English
(American English
and
Conadian English)
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Australian English
and
New Zealand
English
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South African
English
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South Asian
English
(Indian English)
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South East
Asian English
(Philippine English,
Singapore English,
and
Malaysian English)
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West Indian
English
(Caribbean
English)
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Early Scots
(from Early
Middle English)
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Middle Scots
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Northern Scots
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North Northern
(Scandinavian
influence via
Norn)
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Mid Northern
(North East Scots
or Doric)
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South Northern
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Central Scots
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North East
Central
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South East
Central
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West Central
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South West
Central Scots
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Ulster Scots
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Southern Scots
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Insular Scots
(Scandinavian
influence via
Norn)
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Yola
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North Germanic
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Proto-Norse
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Old Norse
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West
Scandinavian
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Norwegian
(genealogically
Western Branch,
but heavy
influence from
Eastern branch)
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Bokmal
(Official
written standard)
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Hognorsk
(unofficial
written standard)
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Landsmal
(unofficial
written standard)
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Nynorsk
(official
written standard)
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Riksmal
(unofficial
written standard)
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Vestlandsk
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Sorlandsk
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South-West
Norwegian
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Bergen
Norwegian/Bergensk
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North-West
Norwegian
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Saettersdal
(Viking)
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Nord-Norsk
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Helgeland
Norwegian
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Troms
Norwegian
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Finnmark
Norwegian
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East
Norwegian
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Vikvaer
Norwegian
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Middle East
Norwegian
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Oppland
Norwegian
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Osterdal
Norwegian
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Midland
Norwegian
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Gudbrandsdal
Norwegian
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Valdres and
Hallingdal
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Western
Telemark
Norwegian
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Eastern
Telemark
Norwegian
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Trondelag
Norwegian
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Outer
Trondelag
Norwegian
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oUTE
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Inner
Trondelag
Norwegian
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Namdal
Norwegian
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South-eastern
Trondersk
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Jamtlandic
(also considered
Norrlandic)
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Hardalic
(also considered
Norrlandic)
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Icelandic
(also considered
Viking)
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Old Icelandic
(Viking)
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Modern
Icelandic
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Gotudanskt
(Faroese Street
Danish)
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Faroese
(Related to
Viking)
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Shetland Norn
(extinct)
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Orkney Norn
(extinct)
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East
Scandinavian
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Danish
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Rigsdansk/Rigsmal
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Eastern Danish
(Amager, Bornholm,
Skane, Halland,
Blekinge
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Bornholmsk
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Scanian
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Island Danish
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Jutlandic/Jutish
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North
Jutlandic
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East Jutlandic
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West Jutlandic
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Sonderjysk
(Danish Slesvig,
German
Schleswig)
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Swedish
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Delecarlian
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Elfdalian
(considered a
Swedish Sveamal
dialect, but has
official
orthography and is,
because of a
lower degree of
mutual
intelligibility with
Swedish,
considered a
separate
language by many
linguists)
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Old Swedish
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Modern Swedish
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Svealand Swedish
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Norrlandic
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Gotish
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East Swedish/
Finland
Swedish
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South
Swedish
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Gotalandic
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Old Gutnish
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Modern
Gutnish
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Alternate
classification of
contemporary
North Germanic
languages
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Insular
Scandinavian
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Icelandic
(Modern
Viking)
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Faroese
(Modern
Viking)
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Contiental
Scandianavian
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Danish
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